The record of behaviour by politicians in the nations where foreign aid money “fell from the sky,” thus divorcing national income from the tax base, also contradicts this idea. The assumption that spending and tax policy in an MMT system would occur as proponents expect is contradicted by the history of political choices regarding spending and taxation over the past half-century. Here I raise the concern that implementing MMT accounting could cause increases in political power inequality relative to citizens not seen since the medieval era or before. These are enabled by the ability of a government to deficit spend as needed, as long as government controls its sovereign currency.
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Science, law enforcement, the military and intelligence services need to work together and understand each other’s appropriate roles.Ī set of policy prescriptions based on Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) have been developed that are independent of the monetary model, which are often presented together, in a context that does not require taxation: guaranteed income, job guarantee and full employment. The remedy for that, though, is to work to improve matters by prodding politicians rather than operate independently in attempts at interdiction that may be counterproductive. Perhaps it is true that such capabilities in our clandestine services are poorly developed or directed.
Attempting to track, outwit or contain terrorists should be left to clandestine intelligence services that are equipped to understand and interdict them. The focus needs to be on response capability and surveillance, just as in any other infectious disease control. To date, nature has been the worst bioterrorist, but in theory human engineering can be worse. Thus, the best course is to make sure that we understand what human bioterrorists could do as well as we understand what nature can do. Proliferation of molecular biology, vaccine and other knowledge across the world has already taken place. Locking the barn door is not going to change this. That horse is, “Out of the barn and in the next county”.
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It is equally problematic to curb research in an attempt to prevent those outside our borders from understanding how to create bioweapons. Attempting censorship by attracting the entire world’s attention to information of concern is obviously counterproductive. If our potential adversaries are understood, publicity drawing the attention of bioterrorists to plausible bioweapons is the primary contribution the NSABB makes by censorship recommendations. Consequently, structural economic change based on control of resources and reasonably fair use and distribution of their revenues may be essential if warlordism is to be overcome. And if he dies, there may be a clash of rivals to replace him. Why would a 18-year-old general 3 give up his command, unlimited sex, wealth, and other perks? As a result, a warlord is very difficult to control unless his source of funds is interdicted or he dies. Similarly, for his followers, the allure of power, sex, drugs, and upward social mobility is hard to resist. Immense wealth, power, women, sex, and respect accrue to a warlord. It is high risk, but the rewards are significant for the warlord, quite similar to the rewards of being a dictator or a high-powered CEO. What is most critical to understand is that being a warlord is a profitable business and a way of life dedicated to amassing power and perks. This chapter will attempt to further that understanding in the context of a warlord as a violent nonstate actor (VNSA), 2 oriented toward practical usability on the ground and in policy. Thus, understanding warlords is vital in this age when they are one of the players that can carry war to our shores. It is hubris to believe that we can avoid serious acts of war against our nation forever.
1 Casualties from al Qaeda's attacks on the World Trade Center, Pentagon, Madrid, and London are really quite minor. With continuing development of biological, nuclear, and future technologies, warlords will be capable of waging war on a global scale more effectively.
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